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9a8f77 Niklas Polke 2026-08-06 00:27:04
Create SAMBA
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# SAMBA
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## Preparation
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1. Create group for backups
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```bash
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sudo groupadd backupusers
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```
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- create new group `backupusers`
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2. Create user for samba
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```bash
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sudo adduser --disabled-login --no-create-home --gecos "" smbbackup
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sudo usermod -aG backupusers smbbackup
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```
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- --disabled-login - no system login
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- --no-create-home - no user home directory
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- --gecos "" - no interactive questions for name and so on
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- with `usermod`: add user `$USER` to group `backupusers`
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3. Prepare directory to use with samba
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```bash
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sudo chown root:smbbackup /srv/ssd/backups
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sudo chmod 2770 /srv/ssd/backups
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```
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4. Install samba
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```bash
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sudo apt install samba samba-common-bin smbclient cifs-utils
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systemctl status smbd --no-pager
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```
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- last one for checking status of smbd (active?)
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5. Registrate user for samba
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```bash
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sudo smbpasswd -a smbbackup
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sudo smbpasswd -e smbbackup
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```
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- first one registrates smbbackup with a chosen password as user in samba
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- second one enables user smbbackup
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6. Change samba configuration
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```bash
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sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf "/etc/samba/smb.conf.backup-$(date +%F-%H%M%S)"
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sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
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```
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add at the end
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```
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[Backups]
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comment = Backups auf der externen SSD
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path = /srv/ssd/Backups
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browseable = yes
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read only = no
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guest ok = no
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valid users = smbbackup
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force group = backupusers
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create mask = 0660
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force create mode = 0660
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directory mask = 2770
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force directory mode = 2770
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```
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7. Restart samba
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```bash
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sudo testparm -s
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sudo systemctl restart smbd
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```
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- check configuration and then restart
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8. Checks
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```bash=
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sudo systemctl status smbd --no-pager
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smbclient -L localhost -U smbbackup
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smbclient //localhost/Backups -U smbbackup
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```
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1: check service active and enabled
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2: check Shares of samba
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3: connect to shell of samba and test `mkdir test`
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9. Prepare connection to network
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```bash=
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sudo ufw app list
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sudo ufw app info Samba
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sudo ufw allow in on <eth0> from <192.168.2.0/24> to any app Samba
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sudo ufw status
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```
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1: all apps ufw knows
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2: ufw info about Samba app (ports)
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3: open ports for LAN in network to Samba
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4: show changed ufw rules